Verified Gross Mass (VGM): A Comprehensive Guide for Shippers
What is Verified Gross Mass (VGM)?
Verified Gross Mass (VGM) is a crucial aspect of international shipping, representing the total weight of a packed container, including its contents, packaging, and securing materials. The concept of VGM was introduced by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) to enhance safety and security within the shipping industry. Failure to comply with VGM regulations can result in significant repercussions, including fines, delays, and cargo refusal.
What is VGM?
VGM is the accurate and verified weight of a packed container. It encompasses the weight of the container, cargo, packaging materials, and securing devices. VGM differs from gross weight, which only considers cargo and packaging weight, excluding the container.
Why is VGM Required?
VGM is a crucial safety measure that prevents container overloading. Overloaded containers can cause instability and accidents during loading, transportation, and unloading, potentially leading to vessel capsizing or other catastrophic events. Accurate VGM ensures proper stowage and weight distribution, enhancing stability and reducing accident risks.
Consequences of Non-Compliance
Shipping lines are obligated to refuse containers without accurate VGM information, leading to delays and disruptions. Regulatory authorities can impose substantial fines on shippers who fail to provide accurate VGM data, impacting profitability and reputation. VGM's implementation has greatly improved safety standards and reduced accidents in the shipping industry.
Who is Responsible for Providing VGM?
The shipper, responsible for packing and loading the container, is ultimately responsible for providing accurate VGM information to the shipping line before the container is loaded onto the vessel. The shipping line verifies the VGM information, potentially using their own weighing equipment or relying on third-party providers.
How to Determine VGM
VGM can be determined through two methods:
- Weighing the packed container: This is the most accurate method, using certified scales to weigh the entire container.
- Weighing individual components: The weight of the cargo and packaging is individually weighed and added to the tare weight (weight of the empty container). This method requires meticulous documentation and accurate weight measurements.
It is crucial to consider all components, including pallets, dunnage, and securing materials, when weighing cargo and packaging. The tare weight can be obtained from the container's identification plate or the shipping line. Once all weights are obtained, they are added together to calculate VGM. Accurate weight documentation is essential for VGM compliance.
VGM Submission and Deadlines
The VGM information must be submitted to the shipping line before the container is loaded. The deadline varies based on the shipping line and port of departure, but it is typically 24 hours before loading. Late submission can cause delays and penalties. Shippers must adhere to the shipping line's deadlines to avoid disruptions.
VGM can be submitted electronically, by fax, or through physical documentation. The shipping line will specify the preferred method.
VGM Compliance Tips
Here are some tips to ensure VGM compliance:
- Maintain accurate weight documentation for all cargo and packaging.
- Use certified scales for weighing containers and cargo.
- Properly load containers to ensure stability and prevent overloading.
- Communicate with the shipping line about any changes in cargo weight or packaging.
- Engage a reputable shipping company for VGM verification services.
Conclusion
VGM compliance is crucial for safe and efficient international shipping. By understanding the requirements and adhering to the regulations, shippers can ensure smooth movement of goods and avoid delays and penalties. Accurate VGM information is essential for preventing container overloading, ensuring vessel stability, and maintaining the integrity of the global supply chain. Shippers should prioritise VGM compliance and seek guidance from shipping professionals to ensure their shipments meet all regulatory standards.